Publications
Priorities for the UK Government on frontier AI risk and Biosecurity
Centre for Long-Term Resilience
Progress on Biosecurity in the European Biotech Act
Dr Michael Mahar
CLTR responds to the amendments tabled by the joint SANT and ITRE committees and to the ENVI and JURI opinions. We set out
Ten things we want to see from Exercise Pegasus
Lydia Preston and James Ginns
What does best-in-class risk preparedness exercising look like? We outline ten key benchmarks we'll be watching for from Exercise Pegasus to demonstrate the
Informing the European Biotech Act and Inclusions of our Recommendations
Dr Cassidy Nelson
In November 2025, the Biosecurity Policy Unit submitted written evidence to the European Union (EU)’s Public Consultation informing the European Biotech Act.
How the UK Government can govern the risk of loss of control
Tommy Shaffer Shane, Richard Moulange, and Jess Whittlestone
The Loss of Control Observatory: a prototype to detect real-world AI control incidents
Centre for Long-Term Resilience
CLTR is developing a new methodology to systematically detect and analyse concerning autonomous behaviours, as part of a broader programme of work on
Defensive acceleration: the strategic pivot needed for UK biological resilience
Dr Richard Moulange, Oliver Payne, Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady & Dr Cassidy Nelson
A framework and four priority programmes to grow the economy and strengthen UK biosecurity in the age of AI.
Gap consolidation of the mirror life evidence base
Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady, Dr Sarah Winthrope, Dr James Walker and Dr Cassidy Nelson
This blog post and accompanying spreadsheet identify specific, safe knowledge gaps to fill for preparedness without lowering the barriers to creating mirror life.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Synthetic Nucleic Acid Screening for the UK
Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady, Isaac Heron, Dr Richard Bruns and Dr Cassidy Nelson
Through a cost-benefit analysis, we found that mandatory screening synthetic nucleic acids over 50 base pairs in length bought or sold in the
Securing a seat at the table: pathways for advancing the UK’s global leadership in frontier AI governance
Dr Imogen Stead and Dr Jess Whittlestone
How the UK can strengthen and differentiate its voice in the international AI conversation.
Simulations suggest that antibiotics would not work on mirror bacterial targets
Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady and Dr JL Ciccone
Our results suggest that, of the existing antibiotic countermeasures we tested, none were effective against their mirror targets. This implies that these antibiotics
Two Years On: An Independent Assessment of the UK’s Biological Security Strategy Implementation
Oliver Payne and Dr Cassidy Nelson
In light of the UK Cabinet Office's two-year update on the BSS Implementation Report, CLTR is providing a narrative response that highlights critical
Public Services Committee Call for Evidence: Medicines Security
Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady
To bolster UK supply chains and increase self-sufficiency of MCM manufacturing, CLTR recommends specific measures be considered by the UK Government.
Preparing for AI security incidents
Tommy Shaffer Shane
Improving emergency preparedness with the UK AI bill and beyond
Strengthening UK Science Leadership: Our Parliamentary Submission on Science Diplomacy
Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady
In this submission of evidence, we draw on extensive experience in biosecurity, innovation policy, and international collaboration to identify structural barriers preventing the
Strategic Defence Review 2024: Call for Evidence
Oliver Payne
We submitted detailed recommendations to the Ministry of Defence's Strategic Defence Review 2024, focused on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) threats expected
Securing Europe’s Biotechnology Future: Our European Biotech Act Submission
Dr Cassidy Nelson
We submitted recommendations to the European Commission's consultation on the European Biotech Act, emphasising that security and innovation are complementary objectives.
Strengthening EU Medical Countermeasures: Our Strategic Recommendations
Dr Paul-Enguerrand Fady
We submitted recommendations to DG HERA's call for evidence on the EU strategy for medical countermeasures against public health threats, drawing on our
Global Risk Index for AI-enabled Biological Tools
Toby Webster, Richard Moulange, Barbara Del Castello, James Walker, Sana Zakaria and Cassidy Nelson
The CLTR-RAND team introduce the first Global Risk Index for AI-enabled Biological Tools: a flexible framework designed to assess these tools based on